When the ImPACT was complete, the session was over, and participants could leave. At the end of the 30-minute period, I reassessed HR, SBP, and DBP and administered the ImPACT. After ingestion, participants rested in a seated position for 30 minutes. They then ingested 5.5 g of Jacked 3D (USPlabs LLC, Dallas, TX), which contains a proprietary blend of arginine α-ketoglutarate, creatine monohydrate, β-alanine, caffeine, 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA), and schizandrol in capsule form, with 355 mL of water. Upon arrival for the S session, participants were assessed for heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after resting in a seated position for 5 minutes. A crossover design was used, and the order of conditions was assigned randomly and counterbalanced in a double-blind fashion. The 3 conditions consisted of supplement (S) ingestion, placebo (P) ingestion, and control (C). The 3 remaining sessions consisted of ImPACT under 3 different treatment conditions, with each session taking place 1 week after the previous session and at the same time of day. During this session, they also completed a questionnaire identifying their level of habitual caffeine intake. The test battery was administered using a desktop computer (Lenovo, Morrisville, NC) while the participant was alone in a quiet, fully enclosed, illuminated room at normal room temperature. No participant had undergone ImPACT before that time. On the first occasion, each participant was familiarized with the ImPACT procedures by completing the test battery in its entirety. Participants reported to the research laboratory on 4 separate occasions.
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